Biodegradation of aromatic compounds by white rot and ectomycorrhizal fungal species and the accumulation of chlorinated benzoic acid in ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings.
Identifieur interne : 000A08 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A07; suivant : 000A09Biodegradation of aromatic compounds by white rot and ectomycorrhizal fungal species and the accumulation of chlorinated benzoic acid in ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings.
Auteurs : Jens Dittmann [Allemagne] ; Wolfgang Heyser ; Heike BückingSource :
- Chemosphere [ 0045-6535 ] ; 2002.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Acide benzoïque (métabolisme), Basidiomycota (croissance et développement), Basidiomycota (métabolisme), Catéchols (métabolisme), Chloro-benzoates (composition chimique), Chloro-benzoates (métabolisme), Cytoplasme (métabolisme), Dépollution biologique de l'environnement (MeSH), Hydrocarbures aromatiques (composition chimique), Hydrocarbures aromatiques (métabolisme), Microanalyse par sonde électronique (MeSH), Mycorhizes (croissance et développement), Mycorhizes (métabolisme), Parabènes (métabolisme), Pinus (MeSH), Plant (microbiologie), Plant (métabolisme).
- MESH :
- composition chimique : Chloro-benzoates, Hydrocarbures aromatiques.
- croissance et développement : Basidiomycota, Mycorhizes.
- microbiologie : Plant.
- métabolisme : Acide benzoïque, Basidiomycota, Catéchols, Chloro-benzoates, Cytoplasme, Hydrocarbures aromatiques, Mycorhizes, Parabènes, Plant.
- Dépollution biologique de l'environnement, Microanalyse par sonde électronique, Pinus.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Basidiomycota (growth & development), Basidiomycota (metabolism), Benzoic Acid (metabolism), Biodegradation, Environmental (MeSH), Catechols (metabolism), Chlorobenzoates (chemistry), Chlorobenzoates (metabolism), Cytoplasm (metabolism), Electron Probe Microanalysis (MeSH), Hydrocarbons, Aromatic (chemistry), Hydrocarbons, Aromatic (metabolism), Mycorrhizae (growth & development), Mycorrhizae (metabolism), Parabens (metabolism), Pinus (MeSH), Seedlings (metabolism), Seedlings (microbiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Chlorobenzoates, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic.
- chemical , metabolism : Benzoic Acid, Catechols, Chlorobenzoates, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic, Parabens.
- growth & development : Basidiomycota, Mycorrhizae.
- metabolism : Basidiomycota, Cytoplasm, Mycorrhizae, Seedlings.
- microbiology : Seedlings.
- Biodegradation, Environmental, Electron Probe Microanalysis, Pinus.
Abstract
The capability of different white rot (WR, Heterobasidion annosum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM, Paxillus involutus, Suillus bovinus) fungal species to degrade different aromatic compounds and the absorption of 3-chlorobenzoic acid (3-CBA) by ECM pine seedlings was examined. The effect of aromatic compounds on the fungal biomass development varied considerably and depended on (a) the compound, (b) the external concentration, and (c) the fungal species. The highest effect on the fungal biomass development was observed for 3-CBA. Generally the tolerance of WR fungi against aromatic compounds was higher than that of the biotrophic fungal species. The capability of different fungi to degrade aromatic substances varied between the species but not generally between biotrophic and saprotrophic fungi. The highest degradation capability for aromatic compounds was detected for T. versicolor and H. annosum, whereas for Phanerochaete chrysosporium and the ECM fungi lower degradation rates were found. However, Paxillus involutus and S. bovinus showed comparable degradation rates at low concentrations of benzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. In contrast to liquid cultures, where no biodegradation of 3-CBA by S. bovinus was observed, mycorrhizal pines inoculated with S. bovinus showed a low capability to remove 3-CBA from soil substrates. Additional X-ray microanalytical investigations showed, that 3-CBA supplied to mycorrhizal plants was accumulated in the root cell cytoplasm and is translocated across the endodermis to the shoot of mycorrhizal pine seedlings.
DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00323-5
PubMed: 12363308
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Biodegradation of aromatic compounds by white rot and ectomycorrhizal fungal species and the accumulation of chlorinated benzoic acid in ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Dittmann, Jens" sort="Dittmann, Jens" uniqKey="Dittmann J" first="Jens" last="Dittmann">Jens Dittmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Environmental Research and Technology (UFT), University of Bremen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Environmental Research and Technology (UFT), University of Bremen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bremen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bremen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bremen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heyser, Wolfgang" sort="Heyser, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Heyser W" first="Wolfgang" last="Heyser">Wolfgang Heyser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bucking, Heike" sort="Bucking, Heike" uniqKey="Bucking H" first="Heike" last="Bücking">Heike Bücking</name>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2002">2002</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:12363308</idno>
<idno type="pmid">12363308</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00323-5</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000986</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000986</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000986</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000986</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000986</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Biodegradation of aromatic compounds by white rot and ectomycorrhizal fungal species and the accumulation of chlorinated benzoic acid in ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Dittmann, Jens" sort="Dittmann, Jens" uniqKey="Dittmann J" first="Jens" last="Dittmann">Jens Dittmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Environmental Research and Technology (UFT), University of Bremen, Germany.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Center for Environmental Research and Technology (UFT), University of Bremen</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bremen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bremen</wicri:noRegion>
<wicri:noRegion>University of Bremen</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Heyser, Wolfgang" sort="Heyser, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Heyser W" first="Wolfgang" last="Heyser">Wolfgang Heyser</name>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bucking, Heike" sort="Bucking, Heike" uniqKey="Bucking H" first="Heike" last="Bücking">Heike Bücking</name>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Chemosphere</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0045-6535</idno>
<imprint><date when="2002" type="published">2002</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Basidiomycota (growth & development)</term>
<term>Basidiomycota (metabolism)</term>
<term>Benzoic Acid (metabolism)</term>
<term>Biodegradation, Environmental (MeSH)</term>
<term>Catechols (metabolism)</term>
<term>Chlorobenzoates (chemistry)</term>
<term>Chlorobenzoates (metabolism)</term>
<term>Cytoplasm (metabolism)</term>
<term>Electron Probe Microanalysis (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hydrocarbons, Aromatic (chemistry)</term>
<term>Hydrocarbons, Aromatic (metabolism)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (growth & development)</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae (metabolism)</term>
<term>Parabens (metabolism)</term>
<term>Pinus (MeSH)</term>
<term>Seedlings (metabolism)</term>
<term>Seedlings (microbiology)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acide benzoïque (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Basidiomycota (croissance et développement)</term>
<term>Basidiomycota (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Catéchols (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Chloro-benzoates (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Chloro-benzoates (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Cytoplasme (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Dépollution biologique de l'environnement (MeSH)</term>
<term>Hydrocarbures aromatiques (composition chimique)</term>
<term>Hydrocarbures aromatiques (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Microanalyse par sonde électronique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Mycorhizes (croissance et développement)</term>
<term>Mycorhizes (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Parabènes (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Pinus (MeSH)</term>
<term>Plant (microbiologie)</term>
<term>Plant (métabolisme)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlorobenzoates</term>
<term>Hydrocarbons, Aromatic</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Benzoic Acid</term>
<term>Catechols</term>
<term>Chlorobenzoates</term>
<term>Hydrocarbons, Aromatic</term>
<term>Parabens</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="composition chimique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chloro-benzoates</term>
<term>Hydrocarbures aromatiques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr"><term>Basidiomycota</term>
<term>Mycorhizes</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Basidiomycota</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Basidiomycota</term>
<term>Cytoplasm</term>
<term>Mycorrhizae</term>
<term>Seedlings</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Plant</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Seedlings</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acide benzoïque</term>
<term>Basidiomycota</term>
<term>Catéchols</term>
<term>Chloro-benzoates</term>
<term>Cytoplasme</term>
<term>Hydrocarbures aromatiques</term>
<term>Mycorhizes</term>
<term>Parabènes</term>
<term>Plant</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Biodegradation, Environmental</term>
<term>Electron Probe Microanalysis</term>
<term>Pinus</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Dépollution biologique de l'environnement</term>
<term>Microanalyse par sonde électronique</term>
<term>Pinus</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The capability of different white rot (WR, Heterobasidion annosum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM, Paxillus involutus, Suillus bovinus) fungal species to degrade different aromatic compounds and the absorption of 3-chlorobenzoic acid (3-CBA) by ECM pine seedlings was examined. The effect of aromatic compounds on the fungal biomass development varied considerably and depended on (a) the compound, (b) the external concentration, and (c) the fungal species. The highest effect on the fungal biomass development was observed for 3-CBA. Generally the tolerance of WR fungi against aromatic compounds was higher than that of the biotrophic fungal species. The capability of different fungi to degrade aromatic substances varied between the species but not generally between biotrophic and saprotrophic fungi. The highest degradation capability for aromatic compounds was detected for T. versicolor and H. annosum, whereas for Phanerochaete chrysosporium and the ECM fungi lower degradation rates were found. However, Paxillus involutus and S. bovinus showed comparable degradation rates at low concentrations of benzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. In contrast to liquid cultures, where no biodegradation of 3-CBA by S. bovinus was observed, mycorrhizal pines inoculated with S. bovinus showed a low capability to remove 3-CBA from soil substrates. Additional X-ray microanalytical investigations showed, that 3-CBA supplied to mycorrhizal plants was accumulated in the root cell cytoplasm and is translocated across the endodermis to the shoot of mycorrhizal pine seedlings.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">12363308</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2003</Year>
<Month>02</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2019</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0045-6535</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>49</Volume>
<Issue>3</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2002</Year>
<Month>Oct</Month>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Chemosphere</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Chemosphere</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Biodegradation of aromatic compounds by white rot and ectomycorrhizal fungal species and the accumulation of chlorinated benzoic acid in ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>297-306</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<Abstract><AbstractText>The capability of different white rot (WR, Heterobasidion annosum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM, Paxillus involutus, Suillus bovinus) fungal species to degrade different aromatic compounds and the absorption of 3-chlorobenzoic acid (3-CBA) by ECM pine seedlings was examined. The effect of aromatic compounds on the fungal biomass development varied considerably and depended on (a) the compound, (b) the external concentration, and (c) the fungal species. The highest effect on the fungal biomass development was observed for 3-CBA. Generally the tolerance of WR fungi against aromatic compounds was higher than that of the biotrophic fungal species. The capability of different fungi to degrade aromatic substances varied between the species but not generally between biotrophic and saprotrophic fungi. The highest degradation capability for aromatic compounds was detected for T. versicolor and H. annosum, whereas for Phanerochaete chrysosporium and the ECM fungi lower degradation rates were found. However, Paxillus involutus and S. bovinus showed comparable degradation rates at low concentrations of benzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. In contrast to liquid cultures, where no biodegradation of 3-CBA by S. bovinus was observed, mycorrhizal pines inoculated with S. bovinus showed a low capability to remove 3-CBA from soil substrates. Additional X-ray microanalytical investigations showed, that 3-CBA supplied to mycorrhizal plants was accumulated in the root cell cytoplasm and is translocated across the endodermis to the shoot of mycorrhizal pine seedlings.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dittmann</LastName>
<ForeName>Jens</ForeName>
<Initials>J</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Environmental Research and Technology (UFT), University of Bremen, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Heyser</LastName>
<ForeName>Wolfgang</ForeName>
<Initials>W</Initials>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bücking</LastName>
<ForeName>Heike</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country>
<MedlineTA>Chemosphere</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>0320657</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>0045-6535</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D002396">Catechols</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D002723">Chlorobenzoates</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D006841">Hydrocarbons, Aromatic</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D010226">Parabens</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>02UOJ7064K</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C036427">3-chlorobenzoic acid</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>8SKN0B0MIM</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D019817">Benzoic Acid</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>JG8Z55Y12H</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C038193">4-hydroxybenzoic acid</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical><RegistryNumber>LF3AJ089DQ</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C034221">catechol</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001487" MajorTopicYN="N">Basidiomycota</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019817" MajorTopicYN="N">Benzoic Acid</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001673" MajorTopicYN="N">Biodegradation, Environmental</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002396" MajorTopicYN="N">Catechols</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002723" MajorTopicYN="N">Chlorobenzoates</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003593" MajorTopicYN="N">Cytoplasm</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004577" MajorTopicYN="N">Electron Probe Microanalysis</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006841" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydrocarbons, Aromatic</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000737" MajorTopicYN="N">chemistry</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D038821" MajorTopicYN="N">Mycorrhizae</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010226" MajorTopicYN="N">Parabens</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D028223" MajorTopicYN="Y">Pinus</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D036226" MajorTopicYN="N">Seedlings</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2002</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>5</Day>
<Hour>4</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2003</Year>
<Month>2</Month>
<Day>14</Day>
<Hour>4</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2002</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>5</Day>
<Hour>4</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12363308</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">S0045-6535(02)00323-5</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00323-5</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Bucking, Heike" sort="Bucking, Heike" uniqKey="Bucking H" first="Heike" last="Bücking">Heike Bücking</name>
<name sortKey="Heyser, Wolfgang" sort="Heyser, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Heyser W" first="Wolfgang" last="Heyser">Wolfgang Heyser</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dittmann, Jens" sort="Dittmann, Jens" uniqKey="Dittmann J" first="Jens" last="Dittmann">Jens Dittmann</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Bois/explor/PhanerochaeteV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000A08 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000A08 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Bois |area= PhanerochaeteV1 |flux= Main |étape= Exploration |type= RBID |clé= pubmed:12363308 |texte= Biodegradation of aromatic compounds by white rot and ectomycorrhizal fungal species and the accumulation of chlorinated benzoic acid in ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings. }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:12363308" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PhanerochaeteV1
This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.37. |